Social Psychiatry Factors

In psychiatry and clinical psychology, this term is considered as a separate approach, which focuses on social factors in the etiology and treatment of mental illness.If we do not focus on this academic definition, and an explanation of the term head of the Swiss community of social psychiatry, L. Ciompi, it will give us insight into the practical side of things. L. Ciompi defines social psychiatry as "part of General Psychiatry, who understands and treats patients within his social environment, as well as with his social environment." The key words in this case are within the social environment and social environment, together with the person with mental health problems. 

Psychiatry social workesr should cover all ranges of social factors (family, housing, work situation, economic situation, socio-cultural environment). And, accordingly, the intervention should take place at three levels (individual, family, community) to reduce the incidence, duration and degree of impairment that are associated with mental illness.
Also, community-based psychiatry - is brought to life the idea of ​​approaching the customer service (all services - medical and psychiatric care, rehabilitation, care), so that it does not "withdraw" from the natural social environment, and provide services to patients in the community - where his family and relatives (those that can support), because to solve the problem better adapt / adaptation of people with mental health problems, improve their social functioning is possible only in the usual human social environment.
The initial conceptualization of community psychiatry Gerald Caplan proposed back in 1961. It was seen as the cause of the community, which creates stress, which, in turn, produces psychopathology. Because on the one hand, it is necessary to work with the community to reduce the influence of stress factors (primary prevention), and on the other - the community should bear the burden of treatment and care of people with disabilities because it is responsible for their appearance.
Continuity of care associated with the first principle, provides mental health services help consumers protect themselves from returning to the disease, to help sort out the network of community social services. This means that services must be connected to the network - a system of services that no obstacles could work in cooperation, harmony, the way to the consumer from one service to another was not difficult and aggravating.  
For example, prior to discharge a person from the psychiatric hospital care and hospital services should contact the hospital and the employee must provide information about a person who is discharged from the hospital to a social worker in the area based on its plan of work with this customer. The manager should check the connection between the services that it really works.
Availability: it is assumed that the community mental health services should be accessible to those who need care and social rehabilitation. This means that they should be located close to the consumer's residence or work, public transport and be available to work schedule that includes evenings and weekends (at least for urgent cases).
To achieve this, community-based mental health services should be placed evenly over areas to centers that have served the residents of a defined geographical area. Comfort is achieved by the availability of such services to people with disabilities, with limited hearing and sight. In addition, services should be culturally and gender.
Multidisciplinary team - another principle of community psychiatry, which provides that the professionals who provide care, rehabilitation in the community should be organized in multidisciplinary teams. Teams may include psychiatrists, psychologists, psychiatric nurses, social workers, rehabilitation therapists (re-creation), consultants. Also, some team members must be experts in certain areas, such as, for example, housing or vocational rehabilitation.
In other words, it is a different organization of medical and rehabilitative care of mentally ill, with an emphasis on supporting social functioning rather than an extended stay in a psychiatric hospital (in isolation from its social environment). Such an organization provides for a wide range of psychiatric and social services in the community (district), which carry out the intervention by the degree of increase in the level of intensity.
First, a person is invited to participate in the program (Outreach programs). This flexible model of psychiatric care outside the hospital, which is based on the evaluation of needs and provides services for treatment, care at home or in community mental health services (located in the area of ​​residence). Such programs increase access to mental health and improve mental health outcomes. If the passage of such programs does not work to improve the human condition, suffering from mental health problems, offers outpatient clinical services (outpatient clinical services), day hospital, and only when all of this does not bring improvement - only offered admission.

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